1) Search for the resource the library website www.library.utoronto.ca

• Be aware that new LibrarySearch interface will arrive in 2021. Learn more from the LibrarySearch Tips Guide 

2) If using Google Scholar, set your web browser to recognize you as a UofT Student

• Go to Settings - Library links – Choose ‘University of Toronto Libraries’
• Full instructions to set up Google Scholar to prompt your UTORID 

3) Seek help if you still have access issues.

Choosing Keywords for your Search

Think of the language that will be the most effective for your search and keep track of keywords (search terms) that produce the best results. Ask yourself: 

• Will your topic be discussed in the news using scholarly language or would other terminology be more effective?
• Has the terminology changed over time or based on location? 

How to Choose Keywords (UTSC Library) 

 

Transcript avaiable for Library 101 - How to Choose Keywords

Building your Search Strategies

Some databases allow you to enter search terms on separate lines (e.g., enter a keyword the top line and researcher or activist's last name below, so as to articulate your search request)

Using Boolean Operators (AND, OR, NOT) and Boolean Modifiers (quotation marks, asterisk, parentheses) allows you to widen or narrow the search for your keywords and target your research topic: 

How to use Boolean Operators (UTSC Library)

 

Transcript Available for Library 101 - Boolean Operators

 

AND (narrows your search)

• "writing technique"  AND Canad* AND poet* 
• "university students"  AND "marketing strategy" 
• "social media"  AND Canad* 

OR (widens your search)

Watch out for US vs Canadian Spelling, synonyms, acronyms

• neighbourhood OR neighborhood  
• (COVID-19 OR  COVID OR "Corona Virus") AND (questionnaire OR survey OR "focus groups")  
  • Use brackets to create separate groups of actions in your search.
• snapchat OR "Instagram Stories" OR "Instagram Story"

NOT (narrows your search by excluding keyword)

Use only when you need to remove topics that overwhelm your search results

• Stress NOT post-traumatic stress  
• (writing OR authorship) NOT criticism

 

Boolean Modifiers (UTSC Library)

 

Transcript available for Library 101 - Boolean Modifiers 

 

Quotations marks (narrows your search)

Search for specific phrases or names or different spellings e.g., hyphens

• "creative writing", "literary non-fiction", "short story" 
• "social media" OR Instagram
• "employee engagement" OR  "employee-engagement" 

Asterisk * (widens your search)

Be aware that this doesn't work in certain databases.

• institut* = institutions, institution's, institutitional
• Canad* = Canada, Canada's, Canadians, Canadian, Canadiana

Brackets (instructs the database on targeting the keywords in your search phrase)

Use only when you need to remove topics that overwhelm your search results

•  (Universit* OR College) AND "student life" NOT (academic OR faculty) 

Search operators are a set of commands that can be used in almost every search engine, database, or online catalogue.  The most popular  operators are AND, OR, and NOT. These must all be in capital letters to work. Other operators include parentheses, truncation, and phrases.

Use the following search operators to broaden or narrow your results.

AND	Use this word between concepts to narrow your results.	e.g. sensory AND perception
OR	Use this word between related concepts.	e.g. habitat OR ecosystem
NOT	Use this word to exclude terms from your search.	e.g. virus NOT corona
Quotations	Use quotes to search for a multi-word concept.	e.g. "International Year of Indigenous Languages"
*	Use the asterisk symbol to include alternate word endings.	e.g. cultur* will search for culture, cultural, and culturally
?	Use a question mark to include variations in spelling in your search.	e.g. wom?n will search for woman, women
(  )	Use brackets to create separate groups of actions in your search.	e.g. "climate change" AND (ecosystem* OR habitat*) AND Ontario

Pictured below is an example of how all of the above search operators can be combined to refine a search that will help locate sources describing the experience of women participating in the Black Lives Matter movement in Canada.