Graduate Theology

Edited by David Noel Freedman.
Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2000.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

Edited by David Noel Freedman.
Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 2006-2009. 5 volumes.
One of the two standard scholarly English-language encyclopedias on Biblical topics. NIBD is more recent and is directed towards ministers and theological students.
The online version is available on the Internet Archive, a trusted source, but one for which it is necessary to create a free account and login.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

Edited by David Noel Freedman.
New York: Doubleday, 1992. 6 volumes.
One of the two standard scholarly English-language encyclopedias on Biblical topics. ABD is older but is more academic and includes more in-depth articles with significantly more bibliographical references.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

Edited by G. Johannes Botterweck and Helmer Ringgren.
Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1973 - 2006. 15 volumes.
TDOT is the standard work for biblical word studies in Hebrew. Each article includes a discussion of the etymology of the word, an examination of its secular use, and a more extensive examination of its theological significance.
Some volumes are available online on the Internet Archive, a trusted source, but one for which it is necessary to create a free account and login:
volume 3 gillulim-haras,
volume 4 zeebh-hms,
volume 5 hmr-YHWH,
volume 6 yobel-yatar,
volume 7 ke-lys,
volume 11 zz-panim.

Edited by Gerhard Kittel.
Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964-1976. 10 volumes.
TDNT ("Kittel") is the standard work for biblical word studies in Greek. Each article includes a discussion of the etymology of the word, an examination of its secular use, and a more extensive examination of its theological significance.
Some volumes are available online on the Internet Archive, a trusted source, but one for which it is necessary to create a free account and login:
volume 1 A - G,
volume 2 D - H,
volume 4 L - N,
volume 5 X - Pa,
volume 6 Pe - R,
volume 7 Z,
volume 8 T - Y.
volume 9 Ph - Omega.

Edited by Christopher A. Beetham.
Grand Rapids, MI: HarperCollins Christian Publishing, 2021.
This work is the best theological Greek dictionary available online at the University of Toronto.

Edited by Donald Senior, John J. Collins, Barbara Reid and Gina Hens-Piazza.
T&T Clark, 2021.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

Edited by Raymond E. Brown, Joseph A. Fitzmyer, and Roland E. Murphy.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1990.
The online version is available on the Internet Archive, a trusted source, but one for which it is necessary to create a free account and login.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

New York: Paulist, 2018.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

Series editor, Daniel Durken.
Collegeville, MN : Liturgical Press, 2017.
A more recent scholarly commentary to the Bible from a Catholic perspective.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

Edited by James D.G. Dunn and John W. Rogerson.
Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2003.
One of several one-volume scholarly commentaries to the Bible from a mainline Protestant perspective.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

By Tremper Longman, III.
5th edition.
Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2013.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.

By D. A. Carson.
7th edition.
Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2013.
For print version locations, see the UofT Library Catalogue.