Citation management tools, also known as reference management or personal bibliographic software, allow researchers to:
Most systems allow for both manual entry of citations or references and the automatic extraction of the bibliographic data associated with articles or other publications found in library databases. Some tools allow the PDF to be stored and tagging and/or commenting on both the citation and full-text may be possible. Many tools also now have 'social' features that support the publication and sharing of your references for reuse by others and vice versa.
There are many tools available for citation management. See here for a comprehensive listing and comparison. Links to guides for more information about various tools can be found below.
Two free tools widely used at the University of Toronto and many other academic institutions are:
The Library recommends that students experiment with various reference management tools to find the one that best needs their research needs and research workflow.
Using Zotero to Manage Your Research (14 min video from UTM Library -Fall 2021)
Pros
Cons
Pros
Cons